Banca de DEFESA: ELIZA VITORIA MARINHO VIANA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : ELIZA VITORIA MARINHO VIANA
DATA : 29/04/2022
HORA: 07:30
LOCAL: SALA DE AULA DO PPGASP
TÍTULO:

ENVIRONMENTAL RISK OF INSECTICIDES USED IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS IN MATO GROSSO AND THE USE OF PHEROMONE AS A SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF LEPIDOPTERAN PESTS

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Ecotoxicology, Pesticides, Screening, Semiochemicals, Integrated Pest Management.

PÁGINAS: 101
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Agrárias
ÁREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Fitossanidade
ESPECIALIDADE: Entomologia Agrícola
RESUMO:

 

The large extensions of cultivated areas in Brazil often generate phytosanitary problems, which have increased the use of pesticides. Consequently, there is a concern regarding the potential for contamination that these compounds can cause in the environment, and the proposal of the Environmental Risk Index (ERI) serves as a tool for managing the environmental impacts of pesticides. In addition, the search for more effective management tactics, such as the use of pheromones, has been a promising technology that aims to reduce the deleterious effects of insecticides on the agroecosystem. Given these possibilities, the objectives of this work were: (i) to carry out an ERI based on the main insecticides used to control lepidopteran pests in the state of Mato Grosso; (ii) to evaluate in the field experimental formulations of the sex pheromone of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), one of the main agricultural pests in the country. Data on the amount of insecticides consumed were collected from the Instituto de Defesa Agropecuária de Mato Grosso (INDEA) and their physicochemical characteristics were obtained from the Pesticide Properties Database (PPDB) of the University of Hertfordshire and from the Pesticide Properties Database (PPD) of the US Department of Agriculture. The ERI parameters used were: soil persistence, leaching, volatility, toxicological profile and recommended dose. Regarding the evaluation of the pheromone, field tests were carried out in soybean, corn and cotton crops during the 2020/21 harvest. Five treatments were evaluated, being two experimental formulations (F1 and F2), one commercial formulation (FC), virgin females as a positive control (CP) and hexane as a negative control (NC). The main insecticides used to control pests in Mato Grosso which had a total of 20,249,521.90 kg of active ingredients (a.i.), in which the main ones were ordered in descending order of environmental risk: malathion > methoxyfenozide > chloranthraniliprole > flubendiamide≥ beta-cyfluthrin> lufenuron≥ methomyl≥ bifenthrin> lambda-cyhalothrin≥ alpha-cypermethrin ≥ cyantraniliprole≥ permethrin≥ chlorfenapyr≥ chlopyrifos≥ profenofos≥ thiodicarb> indoxacarb≥ zeta-cypermethrin≥ cypermethrin≥ teflubenzuron≥ spinetoram> triflumuron≥ acefate. This last insecticide, despite being moderately toxic to animal life, had the lowest ERI due to low persistence, leaching and volatility. In general, all substances showed medium to very high toxicity levels, which is a worrying factor if they reach non-target populations, such as bees, fish and birds. As for the pheromone evaluations, the average capture in the soybean crop of F1 (26.86), F2 (19.14) and CP (30.6) did not differ from one another but differed from FC (41.66) and of CN (0.66) (p<0.5). In corn there was no statistical difference between the means collected in F1 (28.90), F2 (28.55), CP (30.75) and FC (25.05) (p>0.5). On the other hand, in cotton, F1 (6.95) and F2 (6.89) did not differ from each other, but differed from CP (19.60), FC (16.27) and CN (0.22) (p< 0.5). Considering the results presented, it is expected that the ERI contributes to risk management and decision making that cause less environmental impact. Added to this tool, the experimental formulations have the potential to be used in the monitoring of S. frugiperda, especially in soybean and corn crops, as they can indicate the most opportune moment to introduce control measures, aiming at optimizing management effectiveness.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 101366004 - MONICA JOSENE BARBOSA PEREIRA
Interno - 136121002 - ALESSANDRA REGINA BUTNARIU
Interno - 221918004 - MIRIAM HIROKO INOUE
Externo à Instituição - HENRIQUE FONSECA GOULART - UFAL