Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: ELIZA VITORIA MARINHO VIANA

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : ELIZA VITORIA MARINHO VIANA
DATA : 29/10/2021
HORA: 09:00
LOCAL: SALA DE AULA DO PPGASP
TÍTULO:

ENVIRONMENTAL RISK OF INSECTICIDES USED IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS IN MATO GROSSO AND THE USE OF PHEROMONE AS A SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF LEPIDOPTERAN PESTS

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Ecotoxicology, Pesticides, Screening, Semiochemicals, Integrated Pest Management.

PÁGINAS: 84
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Agrárias
ÁREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Fitossanidade
ESPECIALIDADE: Entomologia Agrícola
RESUMO:

Brazil stands out for its high production of grains and fibers, but the large extension of crops often generates phytosanitary problems, which has pressured the increase in the use of pesticides. Currently, there is great concern about environmental contamination and the Environmental Risk Index (ERI) can be used as a strategy for evaluating insecticides to classify them as to their potential for damage to the ecosystem. Another promising tool to minimize the impact of these pesticides on the environment would be the use of pheromones, which stands out as a sustainable method of pest management, which can be used for monitoring and/or control, aiding in the decision-making of control in the field. Therefore, the objectives of this work were: (a) to carry out a survey of the main insecticides used to control lepidopteran pests in soybean, corn and cotton crops in the state of Mato Grosso in order to assess the ERI; (b) field testing the efficiency of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) sex pheromone formulations on soybean, corn and cotton crops. The physicochemical characteristics of the insecticides were obtained from two pesticide databases and the parameters used to build the ERI were: persistence in the soil, leaching, volatility, toxicological profile and recommended dose. The most used insecticides in Mato Grosso to control lepidopteran pests include 10 active principles, in decreasing order of environmental risk, they are presented as follows: Flubendiamide> Methomyl> Chlorantraniliprole> Chlorpyrifos> Chlorfenapyr> Thiodicarb> Spinetoram> Teflubenzuron> Zeta-cypermethrin> Indoxacarb. The latter insecticide had the lowest ERI due to low persistence, leaching and volatility. Flubendiamide, Methomyl and Chlorantraniliprole were the insecticides that obtained the highest ERI. In general, all molecules showed high or very high toxicity levels, which is a matter of concern if they reach non-target organisms. Another way to minimize this impact is the use of sustainable pest monitoring strategies, such as the use of sex pheromone. Given this possibility, field experiments were carried out to evaluate the efficiency of two experimental formulations (F1 and F2) of the sex pheromone of S. frugiperda in soybean, corn and cotton crops in the 2020/21 season. The treatments were: F1, F2, commercial formulation (FC), positive control using virgin females (CP) and negative control using hexane (CN), with 5 replications. In soybean, 1804 S. frugiperda moths were collected, 99.22% males and 0.77% females. F1 (26.86), F2 (19.14) and CP (30.6) did not differ from each other, but they differed from F3 (41.66) and CN (0.66) (p<0.5). In corn, a total of 2,272 moths were captured, 99.9% males and 0.1% females. There was no statistical difference between the means of F1 (28.90) and F2 (28.55), CP (30.75) and FC (25.05) (p>0.5), indicating good attractiveness of the experimental formulations. In cotton, 3,617 S. frugiperda moths were collected, of which 99.8% were males and 0.2% females. F1 (6.95) and F2 (6.89) did not differ from each other, but they did differ from CP (19.60), FC (16.27) and CN (0.22) (p<0.5), the low male attraction in F1 and F2 suggests that these formulations need to be calibrated for this crop. In theory, the experimental compounds are promising for soybean and corn crops in monitoring S. frugiperda, but for cotton they did not perform well. New adjustments must be made in order to optimize the capture efficiency of these formulations. Regarding the ERI of insecticides, the most indicated for use in the control of Lepidoptera pests is Indoxacarb, followed by Thiodicarb, Spinetoram, Teflubenzuron and Zeta-cypermethrin, due to the lower risk potential among the evaluated molecules.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 101366004 - MONICA JOSENE BARBOSA PEREIRA
Interno - 136121002 - ALESSANDRA REGINA BUTNARIU
Interno - 221918004 - MIRIAM HIROKO INOUE
Externo à Instituição - HENRIQUE FONSECA GOULART - UFAL