Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: DIEGO FERNANDO DANIEL

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : DIEGO FERNANDO DANIEL
DATA : 24/09/2021
HORA: 16:00
LOCAL: Meet On Line
TÍTULO:

Optimization of water resources for the cultivation of intercropped maize in the southwest region of the Mato Grosso state

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Microlysimeters, Lysimeters, Irrigation, Zea mays L., Crotalaria spectabilis Roth.

PÁGINAS: 120
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Agrárias
ÁREA: Engenharia Agrícola
SUBÁREA: Engenharia de Água e Solo
RESUMO:

Irrigated systems use a large amount of water, and an adequate irrigation management is important to minimize the losses of water, maximizing production, especially in intercropped systems, so that competition for water between crops does not occur. With this in mind, the use of intercropping comes as an alternative to reduce soil water evaporation and, consequently, greater availability of water for plants. Given the above, this work aims to optimize water resources for the cultivation of intercropped maize in the southwest region of the state of Mato Grosso. This research is divided into three chapters, the first of which aimed to test two models and two sizes of microlysimeters to determine soil water evaporation as a function of draining water or not. Soil water evaporation was determined using microlysimeters constructed of rigid PVC tubes. Two models of microlysimeters (one model with and one without water drainage) and two sizes (100 and 150 mm in diameter) were evaluated. Two tests were performed in microlysimeters, submitted to an irrigation depth of 60 mm and then to 4 irrigation depths (15, 30, 45 and 60 mm). Soil water evaporation values were lower in the two sizes of microlysimeters that had water drainage. The two models and the two sizes of microlysimeters tested can be used to quantify soil water evaporation. The second chapter aimed to evaluate the influence of different sowing times of crotalaria in an intercropping system with off-season maize, on evapotranspiration, dual Kc values and productive characteristics of maize and crotalaria. Six weighing lysimeters measuring 2.25 m² each were used, previously calibrated to determine the evapotranspiration of the single maize crop and with five times of crotalaria sowing between the rows. Weighing microlysimeters were used for the daily determination of water evaporation from the soil. With this information, the basal crop coefficient (Kcb) and the soil evaporation coefficient (Ke) were determined. The use of intercropping between maize and crotalaria at any time of sowing of crotalaria between maize rows reduced Ke values and increased Kcb values, that is, reduced soil water evaporation and increased plant transpiration. There was no competition for water in the cultivation of maize intercropped with crotalaria, when compared to the cultivation of single maize. It is possible to cultivate maize in an intercropping system at any evaluated sowing time of crotalaria. Finally, the third chapter aimed to evaluate the influence of different sowing times of crotalaria in an intercropping system with irrigated and non-irrigated off-season maize on the variability of soil moisture and temperature. The treatments consisted of different sowing times of crotalaria intercropped with the maize crop. The treatments were submitted to two environments, one under irrigation conditions and the other without irrigation. The irrigation system used was a sprinkler system with a uniformity coefficient greater than 80%, with an applied water depth of 10.38 mm h^-1. To measure temperature and soil moisture, K-type thermocouple sensors and time domain reflectometry (TDR) probes were used, respectively. The intercropping of maize with crotalaria provides the soil with a smaller range of soil temperature, with higher values in an environment without irrigation compared to the irrigated environment. Soil moisture was lower in the treatment of maize in single crop.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 131916001 - RIVANILDO DALLACORT
Interno - 117000004 - MARCO ANTONIO CAMILLO DE CARVALHO
Externo ao Programa - 702180001 - JOAO DANILO BARBIERI
Externo à Instituição - PAULO SÉRGIO LOURENÇO DE FREITAS - UEM