Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: HELLEN KEZIA SILVA ALMADA

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : HELLEN KEZIA SILVA ALMADA
DATA : 21/12/2020
HORA: 14:00
LOCAL: UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO
TÍTULO:

The role of Indigenous Lands and Conservation Units for climate regulation in the Cerrado-Amazon transition

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Protected areas, albedo, evapotranspiration, surface temperature and ecosystem services.

PÁGINAS: 35
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Biológicas
ÁREA: Ecologia
SUBÁREA: Ecologia de Ecossistemas
RESUMO:

The ability to provide ecosystem services is directly linked to the preservation of native vegetation. Conservation Units (UCs) and Indigenous Lands (TIs), which have historically functioned as barriers against deforestation in Brazil, are of great importance for the maintenance of services related to climate regulation. However, in recent decades, UCs and TIs in the Amazon and the Cerrado are under pressure from deforestation outside these areas, that is, in areas of multiple uses - (MUs), and by other degradation processes such as selective logging, mining , forest fires and extreme droughts. Despite this, we still know little about how these processes are affecting the ecosystem services provided by UCs and ITs in the Cerrado and in the Amazon, and whether the capacity for climate regulation by protected areas has been changing in recent decades in response to these degradation factors. Here we analyze a time series (2001-2018) of data from the state of Mato Grosso, to test three hypotheses: 1) Areas of UCs, TIs and MUs in the Amazon have lower albedo, higher latent heat flows and lower surface temperature ( LST) than in the Cerrado, since in this biome the vegetation is predominantly forest, while in the Cerrado it is predominantly savanna; 2) Protected areas make a greater contribution to the stabilization of the climate per unit area than MUs, since in TIs and UCs there is greater coverage of natural vegetation and, consequently, less albedo, higher rates of latent heat and lower LST; 3) In the last two decades, the climate regulation services provided by UCs and TIs show less variation in the Cerrado than in the Amazon, since the vegetation of the Cerrado is more resilient to fires and less sensitive to extreme drought events. The results showed higher ET and lower LST and albedo for the areas of the Amazon, as well as higher ET and lower LST and albedo for the protected areas in relation to the MUs. Differently from our hypothesis, albedo was similar between biomes for all categories (UCs, TIs and MUs), however MUs showed a higher albedo in relation to protected areas in both biomes. In relation to the temporal changes, we observed greater increases in LST and albedo for the Amazon compared to the Cerrado, as well as smaller increases in protected areas in relation to the MUs in both biomes. Additionally, we found that areas in the Amazon are more sensitive to forest fires and drought events. We conclude that the maintenance of these ecosystem services, has been much more efficient within the UCs and TIs, since the area already converted and the conversion rates during the two decades of study have been higher in the areas of MUs. We emphasize that the protected areas of Mato Grosso are fundamental in the climate regulation of the region. However, the long-term maintenance of these ecosystem services may be compromised by the current pattern of deforestation and forest degradation by fires and other degradation factors, both in the Cerrado and in the Amazon.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 132029001 - EDDIE LENZA DE OLIVEIRA
Interno - 220.974.038-08 - PAULO MONTEIRO BRANDO - NENHUMA
Externo à Instituição - MERCEDES MARIA DA CUNHA BUSTAMANTE - UnB