Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: Cristiane da Silva Lima

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : Cristiane da Silva Lima
DATA : 06/03/2024
HORA: 14:00
LOCAL: meet.google.com/oph-fcuf-que
TÍTULO:

LAND USE AND HYDROMORPHODYNAMIC CHANGES IN THE MIDDLE COURSE OF THE ITAPECURU RIVER IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF CAXIAS - MARANHÃO

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Itapecuru River; Environmental components; Morphological features; Anthropogenic activities, Hydrodynamics

PÁGINAS: 298
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Exatas e da Terra
ÁREA: Geociências
SUBÁREA: Geografia Física
ESPECIALIDADE: Hidrogeografia
RESUMO:

The study was carried out in the middle course of the Itapecuru river in the municipality of Caxias in the state of Maranhão. Aiming to verify the environmental components, morphometric parameters, forms of land use/occupation and impacts and hydromorphodynamics in the middle course of the Itapecuru river basin in the municipality of Caxias in Maranhão. The methodological procedures used to carry out the research were based on office work, field work and laboratory work. To characterize the geoenvironmental units, secondary data was used through technical manuals from the main research centers in Brazil (IBGE, Embrapa, CPRM and Inmet). The database was processed using geotechnology tools and finally data post-processing that corresponded to adequacy and standardization. The morphometric parameters were obtained through formulas and reference standards. To overlay the information, the ArcGis 10.8 software was used. To verify the evolution of morphological features along the longitudinal profile, Google Earth image mosaics from the years 2010 and 2020 and geotechnology tools were used, which allowed the quantification of the features. The aerial photographs were obtained using the Mavic Air model drone. To carry out this analysis of use and coverage, the image mosaic from MapBiomas, collection 5 of the year 2021 was used. Likewise, the production of the air suppression map natural vegetation and regeneration occurred with the acquisition of MapBiomas raster data, collection 6 from the year 2022. To identify environmental impacts on urban river channels, rapid assessment protocols and the protocol for evaluating morphological parameters in river channels were used. To obtain the hydrodynamics, some steps (office, field and laboratory activities) were necessary. Office work begins with the construction of the theoretical framework, preparation of the cartographic base and data tabulation and writing. The field work involved collecting hydrodynamic data in the middle course of the Itapecuru River, which was measured on fifteen cross-sections distributed along the longitudinal profile, during the flood and dry periods. To measure the bathymetry he used the GARMIN echo sounder, to measure the flow velocity he used the fluviometric windlass and turbidimeter to obtain the turbidity. To collect sediment, a Van Veen dredger was used. Flow rates were obtained using formulas. Photographic records were taken with a camera and an unmanned, remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) with a cell phone attached. The laboratory work consisted of checking the types of sediment transported and deposited in the river channel, with particle size analysis being carried out using the pipetting method – total dispersion to fractionate the bottom material. The results show important information about the middle course of the Itapecuru river basin in the municipality of Caxias. In relation to environmental aspects, the area is located in the climate transition zone, on the Tropical Equatorial Zone; the geological formations present in the study area are the Corda Formation, Motuca Formation and Sardinha Formation, the Alluvial Deposits and Post-Barreira Sediment Unit and the Barreiras Group and Itapecuru Group; the geomorphological units mapped are four units, with emphasis on the Caxias Patamar and the occurrence of five types of soil, with emphasis on Concretionary Pétric Plintisols. The recorded vegetation is divided into seven registered three classes of vegetation cover with a predominance of the Submontane Deciduous Forest. Regarding morphometry, the basin has 183 channels, being considered a 5th order basin. 109 first-order channels, 41 second-order channels, 28 third-order channels, 4 fourth-order channels and 1 5th-order channel were recorded. The total length of the canals was 1,004.77 km. The values recorded for the shape factor, compactness coefficient and circularity index allowed us to conclude that the drainage network has an oval shape, with a medium tendency to flood. The sinuosity index recorded was 1.29 km, indicating a tendency towards straight channels. The circularity index recorded was 116.23. The capacity coefficient was 0.56. The channel density registered 0.03 km², which indicates low capacity to generate new channels. The drainage density recorded was 0.29 km². It recorded temporal changes in morphological features in the river corridor, such as: increase or reduction in the size of features, emergence of new features and disappearance. Ten units of use and coverage were diagnosed, such as: Forest Formation (1,665.44 km²), Savanna Formation (1,254.37 km²), Forestry (1.69 km²), Countryside Formation (158.89 km²), Pasture (293, 40 km²), Urban Infrastructure (22.70 km²), Other Non-Vegetable Areas (28.60 km²), River and/or Lagoon (2.37 km²), Soy (1.28 km²) and Other Temporary Crops (0.91 km²). The mapping of temporal change in land use and cover between 1985 and 2021 revealed: an increase in pasture areas, deforestation and regeneration. The analysis of degradation in the urban perimeter channels of the City of Caxias obtained the following parameters: natural, impacts and altered according to protocol. In the first channel, it was found that points (1, 2, 4 and 5) were impacted and points (3 and 6) registered changes. In the second channel, point 1 was natural, point 2 was impacted and point 3 was altered. In the third channel, all analyzed points are impacted. In the fourth channel, point 1 was natural. In the fifth channel, it was impacted due to being channeled and rectified. Hydrodynamic data differ throughout the year. During drought, the hydrodynamic data are as follows: the section areas varied between 16.32 m² and 158.00 m²; average depths ranged from 1.10m to 3.10m; channel widths ranged from 24 m to 51 m; average flow velocities ranged from 0.242 m/s to 0.824 m/s; flow rates in the sections varied from 13.45 m³/s-¹ to 41.75 m³/s-¹ and turbidities varied between 14.00 UNT and 21.30 UNT. At flood, the section areas varied between 152.81 m² and 310.96 m²; the average depths varied between 4.13m and 6.76m; channel widths ranged from 27m to 51m; the average flow velocities varied between 1.12 m/s to 1.223 m/s, the flow rates varied between 89.69 m³/s-¹ to 287.45 m³/s-¹ and the turbidity indices varied between 30.40 UNT at 39.40 UNT. The granulometry of the sediments showed the predominance of fine sand in both periods (flood and drought). During drought, the variation of fine sand was from 93.2% to 99.15%. At flood, it varied between 65.95% and 99.7%.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Interno - 420.965.451-53 - CELIA ALVES DE SOUZA - UNEMAT
Interno - 65536013 - CLAUMIR CESAR MUNIZ
Externo ao Programa - 39390001 - GUSTAVO ROBERTO DOS SANTOS LEANDRO
Externo à Instituição - JOSIEL DORRIGUETTE DE OLIVEIRA - Dep. Fran
Externo à Instituição - QUESIA DUARTE SILVA -