Banca de DEFESA: MAIARA CRISTINA METZDORF DA SILVA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : MAIARA CRISTINA METZDORF DA SILVA
DATA : 28/02/2022
HORA: 08:00
LOCAL: Alta Floresta, MT.
TÍTULO:

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of cassava cultivated in settlements in the Northern of Mato Grosso, Brazil

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Euphorbiaceae,Manihot esculenta, ISSR, genetic variability, conservation.

PÁGINAS: 74
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Biológicas
ÁREA: Genética
SUBÁREA: Genética Vegetal
RESUMO:

Manihot esculenta Crantz belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family, popularly known as cassava or manioc. The cultivation of cassava is largely carried out by family farmers. The present study aimed to carry out a survey and phenotypic and molecular characterization of the landraces cultivated by small farmers in the North of the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The research was carried out in three settlements, Nossa Senhora Aparecida (NSA), Júlio Firmino Domingues (JFD) in the municipality of Alta Floresta and the São Pedro settlement (ASP) in the municipality of Paranaíta. The survey and phenotypic characterization were carried out during visits to the farmers' plantations in the three settlements. The data collected in the field were tabulated in an Excel spreadsheet, and the frequency of cultivation and the frequency of the phenotypic classes of each descriptor were calculated. To evaluate the genetic diversity, leaf samples of each landrace were collected for DNA extraction. A total of 33 properties were visited, 76 cassava landraces were surveyed and characterized, identifying 22 landraces with different names. The “cacau” cassava showed high frequency, cultivated in 69.7% of the properties, being the dominant landrace in the three settlements. Morphological characterization using 13 qualitative descriptors revealed a total of 44 phenotypic classes, evidencing genetic variability among the landraces. For molecular characterization, the 15 ISSR primers amplified 223 fragments, revealing 95% of polymorphism. Genetic dissimilarity values ranged between 0.091 and 0.618. The groupings by the UPGMA method formed 9 distinct groups, the group GI was the most representative (44.47%), the GVII, GVIII and GIX groups allocated only one landrace each, respectively the individuals NSA1 (“copinha” cassava), NSA20 (“amarela” cassava) and JFD25 (“cacao” cassava). The Nei (*H) and Shannon (*I) diversity indices demonstrated the existence of genetic variability within the settlements and AMOVA indicated that the greatest genetic diversity is present within the settlements (76%). The analysis of the population structure using Structure formed two groups, according to the value of ΔK, allocating the ethnovarities in accordance with the study regions. Phenotypic and molecular characterization revealed that there is genetic variability among individuals of M. esculenta. This diversity can be used in the construction of active germplasm collections and in future breeding programs.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 32143004 - ANA APARECIDA BANDINI ROSSI
Interno - 255123001 - ALEXANDRE DE AZEVEDO OLIVAL
Externo ao Programa - 292282001 - JULLIANE DUTRA MEDEIROS
Externo à Instituição - AUANA VICENTE TIAGO - UNEMAT
Externo à Instituição - GABRIEL MORENO BERNARDO GONÇALVES - UENF